Brief Answer:
Not likely

Detailed Answer:
Hello, I'm Dr. Branch, thanks for using Ask a Doctor. There are nerves in your tongue, which, if there was trauma to them, could cause damage to them. However, they are deep in the tongue, and so biting your tongue would be very unlikely to be able to cause damage to them. Before you could damage the nerve, you would have to bite through the muscle of the tongue, which is fairly thick, and there would be profuse bleeding and pain.

I hope that helps, please let me know if you have any questions about any of that, and I would be glad to discuss it with you further.

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Brief Answer:
Possibly trigeminal neuralgia

Detailed Answer:
Your symptoms sound suspicious for a condition called trigeminal neuralgia, which is caused by nerve irritation or compression of the trigeminal nerve. This nerve goes to the front 2/3 of the tongue, usually affects one side, and can be triggered by dental procedures.

It often has attacks of usually intense, sharp, "shock" sensations like what you describe. They often also last only for a few seconds.

Episodes of this type of pain may last weeks or months and often recur occasionally.

There are medications such as Carbamazepine and others that can help with pain, and sometimes even surgery can be done if the pain is persistent. So I would recommend seeing your doctor about this and starting treatment if this is significantly bothering you, which it sounds like it is.

Please let me know if you have any other questions, I'd be glad to help any way I can.

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