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What Does "ejection Fraction Of 20%" Mean?

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Posted on Tue, 8 Apr 2014
Question: My 78 year old mom was diagnosed three years ago by her local family doctor with advanced copd. He obviously made this diagnosis based on her spirometry readings and his knowledge that she had smoked for 35 years. He put her on advair and she has done fairly well. The past years she has had 2-3 disabling episodes, breathing problems, coughing, extreme fatigue, congestion, but she would always recover. The past month she has continuously gone downhill with all the symptoms, so breathless she could barely talk. She could barely get out of bed to go to the bathroom. Last week I finally convinced her to go to a specialist (pulmonologist), she agreed. The pulmonologist took an xray, told us that she had very few signs of copd. However, her heart was double in size. He sent us to a cardiologist today and the echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction of 20 percent, a heart rate of 118. Also, her ankles were very swollen until the pulmonologist put her on two meds for this. The meds have started working, her ankles are almost back to normal, her breathing is much better. She still gets very easily fatigued. The cardiologist instructed her to continue the two meds for fluid retention for two more weeks, then return to see him and he will start her on two more meds. He thinks she will be stable by then. Should we be alarmed by her ef of 20 percent? They have now done an echo, xray and electro. Surely these specialists wouldn't send her home if she needed hospitalization would they?
doctor
Answered by Dr. Sukhvinder Singh (1 hour later)
Brief Answer: Please see details Detailed Answer: Dear Sir/ Madam 1. Ejection fraction of 20% means "severe left ventricular dysfunction" or marked reduction in pumping ability of main chamber of heart. This definitely has its problems and complications. These include shortness of breath on walking/ exertion, chest pain, retention of fluid in body, stroke due to migration of thrombus from heart, sudden cardiac death etc. Not all complication occur in all individuals. depending upon the cause, a proportion of these respond completely or partially to therapy. 2. There are definite criteria for admission of such patients. Possibly none of them was present in her case. Hope this provides some insight into the issue. Feel free to discuss further. Sincerely Sukhvinder
Above answer was peer-reviewed by : Dr. Chakravarthy Mazumdar
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Follow up: Dr. Sukhvinder Singh (34 hours later)
I just wish to apologize for sending two "no response" messages to this service. My e-mail has glitches and when I did not receive the response in my e-mail I panicked. I did not know that I would receive an answer on this web page. Just one more question. Yesterday she was feeling very well, the best in several weeks. Because of this she was very active, minor housecleaning, walking throughout the day without the assistance of a cane, etc. Is this safe. Should she be curtailing her activities?
doctor
Answered by Dr. Sukhvinder Singh (1 hour later)
Brief Answer: please see below. Detailed Answer: Dear Sir/ Madam The restriction of activities is best judged by the physician who is monitoring her actively. Still at EF of 20% she should ideally avoid any heavy exertion and those activities which she can not do comfortably. If she is not in active heart failure she can do minor things like minor house cleaning. She should not get any symptoms on these activities. At EF of 20% different patients may have different exercise capacity; some may be bed ridden & incapacitated and others may be walking without discomfort. Hope this helps. Sincerely Sukhvinder
Note: For further queries related to coronary artery disease and prevention, click here.

Above answer was peer-reviewed by : Dr. Chakravarthy Mazumdar
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Answered by
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Dr. Sukhvinder Singh

Cardiologist

Practicing since :1998

Answered : 1306 Questions

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What Does "ejection Fraction Of 20%" Mean?

Brief Answer: Please see details Detailed Answer: Dear Sir/ Madam 1. Ejection fraction of 20% means "severe left ventricular dysfunction" or marked reduction in pumping ability of main chamber of heart. This definitely has its problems and complications. These include shortness of breath on walking/ exertion, chest pain, retention of fluid in body, stroke due to migration of thrombus from heart, sudden cardiac death etc. Not all complication occur in all individuals. depending upon the cause, a proportion of these respond completely or partially to therapy. 2. There are definite criteria for admission of such patients. Possibly none of them was present in her case. Hope this provides some insight into the issue. Feel free to discuss further. Sincerely Sukhvinder