Hello and welcome to HCM
Tuberculosis can affect any part of the body. This disease is not limited to lungs.
Tuberculosis can affect skin,
kidney, bone and even the brain.
So, excluding
retina just because you haven't heard about it ofeten does not rule out the possibility of ocular TB.
But of course the presence of tubersulosis has to be proven by certain tests.
In case of skin or any other organ which is easily accessible, a
biopsy can be taken. Biopsy is the procedure in which a small bit of tissue is taken, processed, stained and studied ubder a microscope.
Viewing the organism/ bacteria causing the infection is the 100% proof of infection.
However, biopsy is not possible in
ocular tuberculosis because of the delicate structures in the ete.
In such cases a test called 'polymerase chain reaction' or PCR can be performad.
This test is very sensitive and specific for tuberculosis.
So, ensure that a confirmatory test is done before labelling the disease to be tuberculosis.
Mantoux test is a very non-specific test.
It can be positive in cases of mere exposure to the organism.
The anti-tubercular treatment is a long treatment. The duration varies from 6-9 monthe to one and a half year.
A number of medicines are prescribed for the infection.
You should consult your physician / pulmonologist for correct category, correct dosage and correct duration of the medicines.
If you are in India, then you should know that treatment for tuberculosis is given free of cost at DOTS centres.
Thanks and take care
Dr Shailja P Wahal