Brief Answer:
Hemoglobin and hematocrit tests explained below

Detailed Answer:
Hi XXXXXXX,
Thanks for writing in to us.

1. A hemoglobin test measures the amount of hemoglobin in your blood. Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body's organs and tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs.

Normal hemoglobin test results
Male: 13.5-17.5 grams/dL
Female: 12.0-15.5 grams/dL

If a hemoglobin test reveals that your hemoglobin level is lower than normal, it means you have a low red blood cell count (anemia). Anemia can have many different causes, including vitamin deficiencies, bleeding and chronic diseases.

If a hemoglobin test shows a higher than normal level, there are several potential causes — the blood disorder polycythemia vera, living at a high altitude, smoking, dehydration, burns and excessive vomiting.

2. Hematocrit is the proportion of your total blood volume that is composed of red blood cells. A hematocrit (Hct) test indicates whether you have too few or too many red blood cells — conditions that can occur as the result of certain diseases.

Results from your hematocrit are reported as the percentage of blood cells that are red blood cells. The normal range is 38.8 to 50 percent for men and 34.9 to 44.5 percent for women.

A lower than normal hematocrit may indicate:
An insufficient supply of healthy red blood cells (anemia)
A large number of white blood cells — usually a very small portion of your blood — due to long-term illness, infection, leukemia, lymphoma or other disorders of white blood cells
Vitamin or mineral deficiencies
Recent or long-term blood loss

A higher than normal hematocrit may indicate:
Dehydration
A disorder, such as polycythemia vera, that causes your body to produce too many red blood cells
Lung or heart disease — if the body senses low oxygen levels, it will make more red blood cells in an effort to increase the amount of oxygen in the blood.

Hope your query is answered.
Do write back if you have any doubts.

Regards,
Dr.Vivek

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