Cervical polyps are smooth, red, fingerlike growths in the passage extending from the uterus to the vagina or cervical canal. The cause of cervical polyps is not entirely understood. They may result from infection. They can also result from long-term inflammation, an abnormal response to an increase in estrogen levels, or congestion of blood vessels in the cervical canal. The most common treatment is removal of the polyp during a pelvic examination. This can be done simply by gently twisting the polyp, tying it tightly at the base, or removing it with special forceps. A solution is applied to the base of the polyp to stop any bleeding. Polyps do not need to be removed unless they bleed, are very large, or have an unusual appearance. Almost all cervical polyps are noncancerous (benign), but all polyps should be evaluated.