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Dr. Andrew Rynne
MD
Dr. Andrew Rynne

Family Physician

Exp 50 years

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What Does This Blood Test Result For Diabetes Indicate?

Last month, i discovered that i am a Diabetic patient. My HBA1C was 8.8 and my fasting was 12.3. Then I started to take medicine Metfo XR 100 (Metformin. Hydroclorid) . COMPARISON of BIOCHEMISTRY REPORT is as follows: Lipid Profile Serum     Last Month as on 05.03.16 Current Month as on 16.04.16 Total Cholesterol     185 mg/dL     139 mg/dL      HDL Cholesterol     25 mg/dL      20 mg/dL      LDL Cholesterol     N/C       75 mg/dL      Triglycerides     422 mg/dL      222 mg/dL      Plasma Glucose                Fasting     12.3 mmol/L     5.6 mmol/L      2 hrs ABF     20.6 mmol/L     7.5 mmo/L HbA1c     8.8 %      7.1 %                     Serum Hormone Level                Free T4 (FT4)     16.60     -      Free Testosterone     14.32     -      TSH     2.17     -                     ALT (SGPT)     43 U/L     -      Creatinine     0.75 mg/dl     -      What is my current situation ?
Fri, 19 Aug 2016
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Dietitian & Nutritionist 's  Response
Welcome,
I see you want someone to review your labs with you relative to your Diabetes and apparent hypertriglyceridemia
Let's take a look here:

Cholesterol has dropped a whopping 46 mg with less than 180 being optimal. I would not want to lower it further if it were my reading.Good job.
HDL Cholesterol, the good cholesterol, decreased 5 mg. Although no longer targets of therapy pe se, they have represented the carrier protein that takes the cholesterol out of the blood to be eliminated rather than to the arterial walls.Furthermore,it was not long ago that an HDL of less than 25 indicated 2x the heart risk.

LDL cholesterol is at 75 mg/dl currently. Most doctors like to see it less than 70 if accompanying diabetes is present, so while by itself it looks ok, the doctor will look at the entire panel along with family history and symptomology to gauge more accurate ASCVD (atherosclerotic cardiovascular heart disease) risk.

Triglycerides, which were way out of control have dropped to 222 mg/dl. We would still like to see them below 150 mg/dl. To reduce these you not only continue to follow a low saturated fat diet, but you add water soluble fiber gradually to your diet (oats, psyllium), fluids, and eliminate as much fructose and all high fructose corn syrups from the diet. Also alcohol and stress will increase triglycerides as will too much juice or added sugars.

Fasting Sugar was 12.3 (about 225 mg) and is currently 7.5 mmo/L (135 mg) means you had a major improvement in your blood sugar yet your goal is still probably less than 100 mg/dl or 5.5 mmo/L.

Accurate interpretation of the HbA1C does depend on whether it was on a home unit or from a certified Lab where they use required methodology, but in general the original value was 8.8%(want lower than 6.5%) and did improve a little at 7.1, but it still indicates you are not under good control of your blood sugars, or your triglycerides (hypertriglyceridemia) is what your doctor would call it.

Moving on, your Free T4 (inactive thyroid hormone) was 16.60 beginning value with no follow-up free T4 listed (Normal values =10-36pmole per liter or .8-2.0 ng/dl Assuming normal free T4 as 10-36 pmol/L (you didn't mention unit of measure) your free T4 is normal, but accurate assessment without unit of value not possible
Compared to current TSH of 2.17 considering the normal value for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is 3 -12 mU/L indicates you are leaning towards an overactive thyroid and the doctor should do additional testing such as a TRH, and screen for medications that may elevate TSH among other thyroid tests.

Free Testosterone: Normal values are generally considered to be range in about 270 to 1070 ng/dL with an average level of 679 ng/dL.Your value was 14.32 but no unit of measure given, cannot comment

ALT - Yours was 43 U/L and is measured to see if the liver is damaged or diseased. Low levels of ALT are normally found in the blood. But when the liver is damaged or diseased, it releases ALT into the bloodstream, which makes ALT levels go up. Most increases in ALT levels are caused by liver damage.10-40 units per liter (U/L) or 0.17-0.68 microkatals per liter (mckat/L)are considered normal. Your ALT is slightly elevated.

High ALT levels may be caused by:
iver damage from conditions such as hepatitis or cirrhosis.
Lead poisoning.
Exposure to carbon tetrachloride.
Decay of a large tumor (necrosis).
Many medicines, such as statins, antibiotics, chemotherapy, aspirin, narcotics, and barbiturates.
Mononucleosis.

Your creatine is currently at .75 mg/dl Normal = .6-1.2 mg/dl assuming adult male

You want to know what this lab test means. From a nutritional standpoint I see that the same type of diet you would need to follow for hypertriglyceridemia (as evidenced by a very high triglyceride level) follows similar principals as a nutritional plan for someone diagnosed with diabetes and running uncontrolled blood sugar levels as evidenced by your currently high (but improved) HBA1C and Fasting Blood Glucose. Your liver enzymes are on the high side, I suspect a lifestyle issue. You will want to identify that and build a healthier liver. Something is going on with your thyroid gland making it look like it may be overactive. See a physician about a possible TRH or clarification a I did not have a unit value for 16.6 making it difficult to interpret from a nutritional standpoint. Creatinine looks good. I have addressed everything except testosterone, again no unit of measure given.


Healthy Regards, Kathryn Shattler, MS,RDN
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What Does This Blood Test Result For Diabetes Indicate?

Welcome, I see you want someone to review your labs with you relative to your Diabetes and apparent hypertriglyceridemia Let s take a look here: Cholesterol has dropped a whopping 46 mg with less than 180 being optimal. I would not want to lower it further if it were my reading.Good job. HDL Cholesterol, the good cholesterol, decreased 5 mg. Although no longer targets of therapy pe se, they have represented the carrier protein that takes the cholesterol out of the blood to be eliminated rather than to the arterial walls.Furthermore,it was not long ago that an HDL of less than 25 indicated 2x the heart risk. LDL cholesterol is at 75 mg/dl currently. Most doctors like to see it less than 70 if accompanying diabetes is present, so while by itself it looks ok, the doctor will look at the entire panel along with family history and symptomology to gauge more accurate ASCVD (atherosclerotic cardiovascular heart disease) risk. Triglycerides, which were way out of control have dropped to 222 mg/dl. We would still like to see them below 150 mg/dl. To reduce these you not only continue to follow a low saturated fat diet, but you add water soluble fiber gradually to your diet (oats, psyllium), fluids, and eliminate as much fructose and all high fructose corn syrups from the diet. Also alcohol and stress will increase triglycerides as will too much juice or added sugars. Fasting Sugar was 12.3 (about 225 mg) and is currently 7.5 mmo/L (135 mg) means you had a major improvement in your blood sugar yet your goal is still probably less than 100 mg/dl or 5.5 mmo/L. Accurate interpretation of the HbA1C does depend on whether it was on a home unit or from a certified Lab where they use required methodology, but in general the original value was 8.8%(want lower than 6.5%) and did improve a little at 7.1, but it still indicates you are not under good control of your blood sugars, or your triglycerides (hypertriglyceridemia) is what your doctor would call it. Moving on, your Free T4 (inactive thyroid hormone) was 16.60 beginning value with no follow-up free T4 listed (Normal values =10-36pmole per liter or .8-2.0 ng/dl Assuming normal free T4 as 10-36 pmol/L (you didn t mention unit of measure) your free T4 is normal, but accurate assessment without unit of value not possible Compared to current TSH of 2.17 considering the normal value for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is 3 -12 mU/L indicates you are leaning towards an overactive thyroid and the doctor should do additional testing such as a TRH, and screen for medications that may elevate TSH among other thyroid tests. Free Testosterone: Normal values are generally considered to be range in about 270 to 1070 ng/dL with an average level of 679 ng/dL.Your value was 14.32 but no unit of measure given, cannot comment ALT - Yours was 43 U/L and is measured to see if the liver is damaged or diseased. Low levels of ALT are normally found in the blood. But when the liver is damaged or diseased, it releases ALT into the bloodstream, which makes ALT levels go up. Most increases in ALT levels are caused by liver damage.10-40 units per liter (U/L) or 0.17-0.68 microkatals per liter (mckat/L)are considered normal. Your ALT is slightly elevated. High ALT levels may be caused by: iver damage from conditions such as hepatitis or cirrhosis. Lead poisoning. Exposure to carbon tetrachloride. Decay of a large tumor (necrosis). Many medicines, such as statins, antibiotics, chemotherapy, aspirin, narcotics, and barbiturates. Mononucleosis. Your creatine is currently at .75 mg/dl Normal = .6-1.2 mg/dl assuming adult male You want to know what this lab test means. From a nutritional standpoint I see that the same type of diet you would need to follow for hypertriglyceridemia (as evidenced by a very high triglyceride level) follows similar principals as a nutritional plan for someone diagnosed with diabetes and running uncontrolled blood sugar levels as evidenced by your currently high (but improved) HBA1C and Fasting Blood Glucose. Your liver enzymes are on the high side, I suspect a lifestyle issue. You will want to identify that and build a healthier liver. Something is going on with your thyroid gland making it look like it may be overactive. See a physician about a possible TRH or clarification a I did not have a unit value for 16.6 making it difficult to interpret from a nutritional standpoint. Creatinine looks good. I have addressed everything except testosterone, again no unit of measure given. Healthy Regards, Kathryn Shattler, MS,RDN