Hi..
Welcome to HEALTHCARE MAGIC..
I have gone through your query and can understand your concern.
As per your complain and presentation of symptoms
swollen taste buds at the back of tongue are swollen Circumvallate Papillae which contains taste buds..
Swollen taste buds are not due to cancer of tongue but can be due to very common conditions like burning of tongue with hot foods and fluids,taking to much of spicy foods,bacterial or viral infection in throat or
acid reflux.
Nothing to worry about it as it does not indicate any serious condition commonly..
For reducing the swelling of taste buds you can do warm saline gargles.
Take anti-inflammatory painkiller like
Ibuprofen.
Avoid hot and spicy foods.
Maintain a good
oral hygiene..
You can also suck on ice cubes for reducing inflammation..
It will start resolving in 3 to 4 day but in case if it does not show signs of improvement consult an Oral Physician and get evaluated so that he can take your medical history and treat you for any underlying cause..
Hope this information helps..
Thanks and regards.
Dr.Honey Nandwani Arora.