Hi, Calpol, Nurofen, etc. are common medications given to children to relieve fever and pain. They are known as anti-inflammatory drugs and they also interfere and interact with the enzymes responsible for blood clotting, thereby increasing the tendency and chances of bleeding. First and foremost, if your child has a known allergy to these preparations, please avoid giving him or her the same. Second, low grade fever or pain or swelling could first be managed by tepid sponging, ice application and so on, failing which a doctor s advice is useful. The doctor must also be informed about drug allergies, if any. Third, never exceed the recommended dose for the child s age and weight. Usually the doctor can guide regarding this plus it s useful to read the instructions on the medicine bottle as well. Fourth, if any bleeding occurs, do not panic. Gently pinch the child s nose for a few minutes and allow to breathe slowly though the mouth. Fifth, the nose should NOT be vigorously blown or a finger inserted for cleaning, nose picking, etc. Sixth, supplement the child with adequate rest and a wholesome diet rich in Vit C, such as oranges (when they are in season) or sweet lime/lime juice taking just before a meal. Seventh but not the least, if the bleeding persists or is recurrent, and no known allergies exist, take the child to an ENT specialist for a thorough evaluation. Take care. Hope I have answered your question. Let me know if I can assist you further. Regards, Dr. Jayita Poduval, ENT Specialist