Hello, These are good questions. Parenchymal volume loss means that there is a loss of brain tissue. This happens in conditions like Alzheimer s disease but it is not an absolute diagnosis. Ill-defined T2 prolongagation means that there lesions in the brain such as you might see from a stroke or multiple sclerosis. Encephalomalacia is a softening or loss of brain tissue such as you might see after a stroke. The diagnosis of any sort of dementia must be made by knowing the patient s history, medical illnesses and blood test results as well as looking at the imaging. I would ask the doctor what his interpretation of these findings means for your husband s current condition and what his prognosis might be. You may want to also ask for a referral to a neurologist if you do not already have that in place. Hope I have answered your query. Let me know if I can assist you further. Take care Regards, Dr. Kathy Robinson, General & Family Physician