There are three aspects to the treatment of gout with medications. First, pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or other more potent analgesics are used to manage pain. Secondly, anti-inflammatory agents such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), colchicine, and corticosteroids are used to decrease joint inflammation. Finally, medications are considered for managing the chronic underlying metabolic derangement that causes hyperuricemia and gout. This means treating the elevated levels of uric acid in the blood with medications that reduce these levels.

NSAIDS such as indomethacin (Indocin) and naproxen (Naprosyn) are effective anti-inflammatory medications for acute gout. These medications are tapered after the arthritis resolves. Common side effects of NSAIDS include irritation of the gastrointestinal system, ulceration of the stomach and intestines, and even intestinal bleeding. People who have a history of allergy to aspirin or nasal polyps should avoid NSAIDS because of the risk of an intense allergic (anaphylactic) reaction. Colchicine (Colcrys) for acute gout is administered by mouth to reduce inflammation as well as to prevent gouty arthritis attacks while correcting hyperuricemia with medications such as allopurinol (Zyloprim) or febuxostat (Uloric). For acute attacks, it is given hourly or every two hours until there is significant improvement in pain or the patient develops gastrointestinal side effects such as severe diarrhea. For prevention, it is given once or twice daily.