It is highly contagious respiratory tract infection caused by a virus, a Paramyxovirus. It is the common cause of death among the young children. It affects respiratory system, skin and eyes. It is common is school going children and in winter and spring.

Signs and symptoms:

• Runny nose.
• Cough.
• Sore throat.
• High fever.
• Red, blotchy skin appearing first on the face, neck and body later to arms and feet.
• Koplik’s spots: These spots are red spots with blue-white centers that appear inside the mouth
• Redness and irritation of eyes (conjunctivitis).
• Muscle pain.
• Sore throat.

Measles are spread through infected droplets while sneezing, coughing. Measles lasts for about 10-14 days.

Prevention of measles:

The MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, chicken pox) immunization. The vaccine is given to the kids at 12-15month of age. It is given via subcutaneous route.

Complications of measles:

• Ear infection.
• Encephalitis.
• Pneumonia.
• Diarrhea or vomiting.
• Bronchitis, laryngitis or croup.
• Low platelet count.

Treatment of measles:

• Use non aspirin pain medications for pain relief or fever.
• Encourage intake of more fluids.
• Encourage adequate sleep and rest.
• Antibiotics may be required if there is bacterial infections.
• Isolation is necessary until fifth day of rash.
• Remove eye secretions with warm saline or water. Avoid rubbing of eyes.
• Give enough rest to eyes.
• Avoid aspirin in viral infection since it can cause serious illness called Reye syndrome leading to severe liver damage and death.
• Anti-pruritic medication to prevent itching.
• Humidified air.
• Some children needs vitamin A supplements.