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Rosacea is characterized by tendency for easy flushing/ blushing.
Later on there is persistent redness with or without acne bumps against a background of erythema.
Rosacea affects the centrofacial region i.e the malar area and nose; forehead as well as chin may also be affected.
Patients with rosacea have increased sensitivity to various triggers like sunlight, heat, cold, emotional stimuli, spicy foods, exercise etc.
There are a lot of treatment options that are beneficial in rosacea apart from avoiding the triggers.
Sunscreens are beneficial in rosacea since sun seems to exacerbate the redness.
Oral antibiotics are mainstay in the treatment of rosacea.
Oral antibiotics are antiinflammatory and mainly benefit acne like lesions in rosacea with some effect on redness/ flushing.
Oral treatment options includes Oral antibiotics like Doxycycline,
Azithromycin,
Roxithromycin etc.
Topical treatment options like topical
Metronidazole 1% gel, topical Azaleic acid 10% or 20% gel, topical 1%
pimecrolimus are antiinflammatory and useful in acne and redness associated with rosacea.
For redness and
telangiectasis, Intense pulse light (IPL), vascular Lasers like 585 nm Pulse Dye Laser (PDL) and KTP Laser are very useful.
Target chromophore for these Laser/ light energy is
hemoglobin. Laser energy is absorbed by hemoglobin destroys its containing vessel and therefore helps in reducing vascularity and thus redness of skin.
A session may be required once every 1-3 months.
Regards