A coma is a state of prolonged unconsciousness that can be caused by a wide variety of problems ? traumatic head injury, stroke, brain tumor, or even an underlying illness, such as diabetes or an infection. A coma is a medical emergency. Swift action is needed to preserve life and brain function. Comas seldom last longer than a few weeks. People who are unconscious for longer than that are usually reclassified as being in a persistent vegetative state. People who are in a persistent vegetative state for more than a year are extremely unlikely to awaken.

Congenital deafness refers to hearing loss which is believed to have been present

Surgery for epilepsy is an effective mode of intervention with advancement in technology. The type of seizure and its location in the brain helps to plan the surgery.

Risk factors for stroke are the factors which do not causes the stroke directly but has association with the stroke in one or other way. The chance of getting stroke is high if there is presence of risk factors.

Also called as chronic granulomatous disease. Chronic granulomatous disease is a primary immunodeficiency that affects phagocytes of the immune system and leads to recurrent or persistent intracellular bacterial and fungal infections and to granuloma formation.