Stasis dermatitis is inflammation of the skin of the lower legs caused by chronic venous insufficiency. Stasis dermatitis occurs in patients with chronic venous insufficiency because blood pools in the legs, causing persistent edema.

Nail-Patella syndrome (NPS) also known as hereditary osteo-onychodysplasia is a rare genetic disorder inherited through autosomal dominance that causes abnormalities of bone, joints, fingernails and kidneys mainly involving organs of both ectodermal and mesodermal origin.The diagnostic tetrad includes fingernail dysplasia, absent or hypoplastic patellae, the presence of posterior conical iliac horns, and deformation or luxation (ie, hypoplasia) of the radial heads. Kidney disease and glaucoma are now recognized as part of the syndrome. The most serious complication associated with nail-patella syndrome is nephropathy.

Ultrasound scan is an important investigation done in the pregnancy. It is done to see if there is fetal, maternal or abnormalities in the uterus, placenta. It also used to diagnose pregnancy as early as 6 weeks.

Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility . Varicocoele is a condition where the veins in the spermatic cord in the scrotum are abnormally dilated and tortuous.

It is also known as dysmenorrhea. Some women have the problem of crampy abdominal pain or sharp pain or lower back pain just before the start of the periods or during the periods. This can affect their daily physical activities and make them bed ridden. It generally subsides as menstrual bleeding tapers off and for few it is definitely is a loss of work.